"bardaz" meaning in All languages combined

See bardaz on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈbɑr.ðɑz/
Etymology: Derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”). The change from a feminine first declension pattern to a masculine short a-stem is analogous; a more etymologically accurate descendant would be something like "bardō." Etymology templates: {{etymon|gem-pro|:der|ine-pro:*bʰardʰéh₂<id:beard><t:beard>|id=beard|text=+}} [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "beard", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "id" : "top", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*bʰers-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*bʰardʰéh₂", "gloss" : "beard", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*bardaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" }" data-id="beard" data-lang="gem-pro" data-title="*bardaz" id="Proto-Germanic:_beard"> Derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”). Head templates: {{gem-noun|m}} *bardaz m Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], bardaz [nominative, singular], bardōz [nominative, plural], bardōs [nominative, plural], bard [singular, vocative], bardōz [plural, vocative], bardōs [plural, vocative], bardą [accusative, singular], bardanz [accusative, plural], bardas [genitive, singular], bardis [genitive, singular], bardǫ̂ [genitive, plural], bardai [dative, singular], bardamaz [dative, plural], bardō [instrumental, singular], bardamiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. beard Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: masculine, reconstruction Derived forms: bardalausaz, bardǭ, bardō (english: perhaps), langabardaz
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "berd"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bard"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bærd"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "beord"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "burd"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "beard"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "North Frisian",
              "lang_code": "frr",
              "tags": [
                "Föhr-Amrum"
              ],
              "word": "biard"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "burd"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "*bard"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "North Frisian",
              "lang_code": "frr",
              "tags": [
                "Föhr-Amrum"
              ],
              "word": "biard"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "burd"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "berd"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Baart"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Ravensbergisch-Lippisch",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Bårt"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Vest Recklinghausen",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Bart"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Westmünsterländisch",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Baord"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Westmünsterländisch",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Buord"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Westmünsterländisch",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Burd"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Westphalian",
                  "lang_code": "unknown"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Plautdietsch",
                  "lang_code": "pdt",
                  "word": "Boat"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
                  "lang_code": "nn",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "barde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
                  "lang_code": "stq",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "Boart"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "bart"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "bard"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
                      "word": "baard"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Virgin Islands Creole",
                          "lang_code": "vic",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "tags": [
                            "archaic"
                          ],
                          "word": "bad"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Negerhollands",
                      "lang_code": "dcr",
                      "word": "baard"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
                      "lang_code": "nn",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "barde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "West Frisian",
                      "lang_code": "fy",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "baard"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "baard"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Limburgish",
                  "lang_code": "li",
                  "word": "baerd"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "bāert"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "*bart"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Alemannic German",
                  "lang_code": "gsw",
                  "word": "Baart"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Bavarian",
                  "lang_code": "bar",
                  "word": "Bårt"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Central Franconian",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-cfr"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "East Central German",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-ecg"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "East Franconian",
                  "lang_code": "vmf"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Norwegian",
                      "lang_code": "no",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "bart"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Bart"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
                  "word": "Bat"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
                  "word": "Bart"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yiddish",
                  "lang_code": "yi",
                  "roman": "bord",
                  "word": "באָרד"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "bart"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "bart"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "word": "*bard"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Danish",
          "lang_code": "da",
          "word": "barde"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "barð"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "lang_code": "nb",
          "raw_tags": [
            "m"
          ],
          "word": "bard"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "lang_code": "nn",
          "word": "bard"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "lang_code": "nn",
          "word": "barde"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "lang_code": "sv",
          "word": "bard"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "lang_code": "sv",
          "word": "bård"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "raw_tags": [
        "n",
        "< *bardą"
      ],
      "word": "barð"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Crimean Gothic",
      "lang_code": "gme-cgo",
      "word": "bars"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": ":der",
        "3": "ine-pro:*bʰardʰéh₂<id:beard><t:beard>",
        "id": "beard",
        "text": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beard\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"top\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰers-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰardʰéh₂\", \"gloss\" : \"beard\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bardaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }\" data-id=\"beard\" data-lang=\"gem-pro\" data-title=\"*bardaz\" id=\"Proto-Germanic:_beard\">\nDerived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”).",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”).\nThe change from a feminine first declension pattern to a masculine short a-stem is analogous; a more etymologically accurate descendant would be something like \"bardō.\"",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bard",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "*bardaz m",
      "name": "gem-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bardaz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bardalausaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "bardǭ"
        },
        {
          "english": "perhaps",
          "translation": "perhaps",
          "word": "bardō"
        },
        {
          "word": "langabardaz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beard"
      ],
      "id": "en-bardaz-gem-pro-noun-lBGSq7CG",
      "links": [
        [
          "beard",
          "beard"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɑr.ðɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bardaz"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bardalausaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "bardǭ"
    },
    {
      "english": "perhaps",
      "translation": "perhaps",
      "word": "bardō"
    },
    {
      "word": "langabardaz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "berd"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bard"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "bærd"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "beord"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "beard"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "beird"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berd"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "berde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "beird"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "baird"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "bearde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "berd"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
                  "lang_code": "xno",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed",
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "merged with Old French barbier",
                  "word": "barder"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "burd"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "beard"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "North Frisian",
              "lang_code": "frr",
              "tags": [
                "Föhr-Amrum"
              ],
              "word": "biard"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "burd"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "*bard"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "North Frisian",
              "lang_code": "frr",
              "tags": [
                "Föhr-Amrum"
              ],
              "word": "biard"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "burd"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "berd"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Baart"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Ravensbergisch-Lippisch",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Bårt"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Vest Recklinghausen",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Bart"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Westmünsterländisch",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Baord"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Westmünsterländisch",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Buord"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Westmünsterländisch",
                      "lang_code": "nds",
                      "word": "Burd"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Westphalian",
                  "lang_code": "unknown"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Plautdietsch",
                  "lang_code": "pdt",
                  "word": "Boat"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
                  "lang_code": "nn",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "barde"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
                  "lang_code": "stq",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "Boart"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "bart"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "bard"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
                      "word": "baard"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Virgin Islands Creole",
                          "lang_code": "vic",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "tags": [
                            "archaic"
                          ],
                          "word": "bad"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Negerhollands",
                      "lang_code": "dcr",
                      "word": "baard"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
                      "lang_code": "nn",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "barde"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "West Frisian",
                      "lang_code": "fy",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "baard"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "baard"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Limburgish",
                  "lang_code": "li",
                  "word": "baerd"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "bāert"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "*bart"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Alemannic German",
                  "lang_code": "gsw",
                  "word": "Baart"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Bavarian",
                  "lang_code": "bar",
                  "word": "Bårt"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Central Franconian",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-cfr"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "East Central German",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-ecg"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "East Franconian",
                  "lang_code": "vmf"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Norwegian",
                      "lang_code": "no",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "bart"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Bart"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
                  "word": "Bat"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
                  "word": "Bart"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yiddish",
                  "lang_code": "yi",
                  "roman": "bord",
                  "word": "באָרד"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "bart"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "bart"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "word": "*bard"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Danish",
          "lang_code": "da",
          "word": "barde"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "barð"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "lang_code": "nb",
          "raw_tags": [
            "m"
          ],
          "word": "bard"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "lang_code": "nn",
          "word": "bard"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "lang_code": "nn",
          "word": "barde"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "lang_code": "sv",
          "word": "bard"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "lang_code": "sv",
          "word": "bård"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "raw_tags": [
        "n",
        "< *bardą"
      ],
      "word": "barð"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Crimean Gothic",
      "lang_code": "gme-cgo",
      "word": "bars"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": ":der",
        "3": "ine-pro:*bʰardʰéh₂<id:beard><t:beard>",
        "id": "beard",
        "text": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beard\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"top\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰers-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰardʰéh₂\", \"gloss\" : \"beard\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bardaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }\" data-id=\"beard\" data-lang=\"gem-pro\" data-title=\"*bardaz\" id=\"Proto-Germanic:_beard\">\nDerived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”).",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂ (“beard”).\nThe change from a feminine first declension pattern to a masculine short a-stem is analogous; a more etymologically accurate descendant would be something like \"bardō.\"",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bard",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bardamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "*bardaz m",
      "name": "gem-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bardaz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with etymology texts",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with etymon",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰers-",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰardʰéh₂",
        "gem-pro:Body parts"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beard"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beard",
          "beard"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɑr.ðɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bardaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bardaz meaning in All languages combined (13.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.